I came across the term “wicked problem” in the text that I am using for my SNHU course International Supply Chain Management.* A wicked problem involves multiple stakeholders, each with different interests and values. As a result there is no single common goal , no clear mission, and no universal solution. Any solution, after being implemented, will generate waves of consequences and can result in making the problem worse.  A suggested framework for tackling a wicked problem consists of 4 levels of increasing complexity:

Level 4- the Macro Environment- This level uses PEST  (Political, Economic, Social, and Technological) analysis of environmental changes. Issues include green and legal/regulatory as well as geo political factors.

Fortunately, not all logistics problems are wicked problems. If you need help with international logistics contact Ad Hoc Logistics.

The World Bank has posted their Logistics Performance Index for 2014. The index benchmarks 6 areas of performance and gives nations a score from 1-5 for each area. The benchmarks are 1) Efficiency of customs clearance process, 2) Quality of trade related infrastructure,  3) Ease of arranging competitive pricing for shipments,  4) Competence and quality of logistics services,  5) Ability to track and trace shipments,  and 6) Timeliness of shipments in reaching destination within scheduled time of arrival.

For 2014 the US ranks 9th overall with an average score of 3.92 for the 6 benchmarks. Surprisingly, the highest US score is 4.18 for infrastructure, and the lowest is 3.73 for customs clearance.

The 8 nations ranking higher than the US are:

Germany

Netherlands

Belgium

United Kingdom

Singapore

Sweden

Norway

Luxembourg

Details @

http://lpi.worldbank.org/international/global/2014

Need help with logistics? Contact mitch@52.91.45.227 for a complementary consultation.

In the years that I have taught Supply Chain courses, many students have expressed the desire to start their own importing or exporting business. In some cases they were motivated by an interest in a particular product they encountered on an international trip. Others wanted to turn a hobby into a business. In these early stages the nuts and bolts of international logistics are less important than the product, the markets, and realistic expectations on the part of the student. As an instructor I always want to provide guidance and assistance along with real world business facts. The attached Twenty Questions are a good way to start the process,

IS THIS BUSINESS FOR YOU

Transportation mode and carrier selection always involves tradeoffs between cost and service. It is helpful to understand the relationship between variable costs and rates. Here is a link to a Transportation Carrier Matrix that I have used in supply chain classes. It is a snapshot view of the various modes by industry type, operating costs, rates, services, and markets.

TRANSPORTATION CARRIER MATRIX

Reverse logistics programs are fast becoming a major requirement in 3PL and procurement contracts. Not long ago “returns” were considered a nuisance by manufacturers, retailers, and logistics providers. They were handled only as a courtesy to customers. Today, environmental legislation is forcing companies to take responsibility for waste. At the same time consumers expect clear and efficient returns programs when making purchases. The EU is leading the way on reverse logistics with strong legislation and policies. In the US reverse logistics is evolving as progressive companies realize the opportunities to enhance their public image, lower operating costs, and improve productivity. In other words reverse logistics is moving from an added cost “returns” program to a value add process. Here are some recovery options in reverse logistics*

• Reuse– inspect, clean, and use again for identical or similar purpose, value add
• Remanufacturing– dismantle and reassemble or use for parts, value add in remanufacturing w/improvements
• Recycle– sorting process for scrap, no real value add but can recover some costs

While the above  is good business practice it is difficult to plan and execute from a logistics point of view. One reason for this is uncertainty in timing and quantity of returns. Product life cycle and rate of technological innovation play a big role in timing of returns.

Successful reverse logistics implementation involves both external and internal factors. External factors include legislation, customer demand, and incentive. Internal factors include environmental concerns, strategic cost/benefits, volume and quality of returns, resources utilized, and integration and coordination.

• Customer demand– environmental responsibility is becoming a competitive necessity
• Incentive– companies need to make returns worth it for end users
• Environmental concerns– growing trend, not optional going forward
• Strategic cost/benefit– can help increase sales and asset utilization but will increase costs. Benefit is mostly long run after initial investments in equipment, design, process, and labor.
• Volume and quality– returns must be managed to avoid scrap as much as possible
• Resources– use available resources and assets as much as possible
• Integration and coordination– must use info systems to gain competencies in recovery so reverse logistics does not become a profit drain but a profit center
• Performance measures– forward logistics measures are not adequate for return logistics. Need to develop different metrics for return logistics. Ex: time required for product recovery, % recyclable/reusable at end of product life, core return rate, % product weight or volume disposed in landfills

*Global Logistics and Supply Chain Mgt by Mangan, Lalwani, Butcher, and Javadpour, 2nd Ed, John Wiley & Sons, 2012